金属螺柱轨道布局和击落

一开始……

你带着一份蓝图、一堆钉子和一个脚手架在工作。接下来是什么?希望您有机会花几天时间浏览打印图，以熟悉平面图、墙面部分、立面图和细节。当你看到他们的意图时，很容易进入架构师的头脑。更好的方法是在开始之前就有机会访问站点。通常在那个时间点访问站点是不可能的，然而，您到达站点时实际上是“盲”的。In any case, you need a plan of attack. Before you unroll the prints, walk the site and answer a few questions. Is the space an addition? Will you have to match existing materials? Is it a new work out of the ground? Do you have multiple floors with framing that has to line up? How high is your deck? What does it consist of? Is the floor old concrete or new? Did the steel erection/masonry/concrete people do a good job (are things level, plumb, and square)? Are you under roof and dried in? Is there temporary power? Have you worked with this general contractor or these other sub contractors before? The answers to these questions affect how you proceed.

布局

问问你的总负责人是否存在任何问题的地方。该项目利用了这一点，他应该知道。最愿意承认它，它是更容易，更好地纠正偏差现在而不是等到他们在地毯或橱柜出现。智能框可以覆盖许多的罪，而这个开始与布局。展开你的指纹，并尝试绘图定向到实际的建筑布局。这有助于避免“北/南，东/西”的困惑。我喜欢用一个滚动迷你支架为表。携带您的取景广场，额外的粉笔和50' 和100' 上的迷你支架卷尺。你可以用它们来按住你的图纸，如果有风。寻找两个最长外壁从该尺寸被拉动是90度到彼此。 The longer the wall, the less likely it is out of square. These will be your reference lines. Check them for square. If you don’t have a convenient set of walls to use for reference, create your own lines. Find the center of each end of your project, chalk a center line, then chalk a 90 degree line off that. Use the largest 3:4:5 multiple you can. (A right triangle where the sides are in the ratio of 3:4:5 will give you a 90 degree angle every time.) Start with a line, mark the point you want to square, and make a second mark 4' down the line. Measure off your first mark approximately square to your line, sweeping a small arc at 3' with your pencil. Place your tape on the 4' mark and measure back 5' toward your arc. Sweep an arc at this measurement. The point where the two arcs intersect is square to your original mark. Any multiple of 3:4:5 (such as 6:8:10, 12:16:20, 30:40:50, etc.) will produce the same results. Use the largest multiple that is practical. Take care to "nail" the intersection point when striking the line.

按照你的方式在平面图上工作，把建筑师的尺寸加起来。一般情况下应该告诉你尺寸是粗的还是精加工的。如果他们没有，那么看看打印上的开口和房间大小。如果它们是偶数，那么很可能是用完成尺寸绘制的。小心你的数学。糟糕的加法总是会导致问题。现在测量工作的总体规模。这些应该和图案相配。如果没有，请查找±号。这将给你在决定墙壁位置和房间大小方面的空间。 If the discrepancies are large, bring the Job Super in on it. He can pass the problem up the chain of command to get a decision. Next, it would not hurt to find out from which direction the plumbers and electricians pulled. It is easier for you to move your walls than for the plumber to move his pipes. This is the choice most Supers make, so save yourself time and money by clarifying these potential conflicts. Move a chalk line, not a wall.

一旦你对你的出发点感到满意，开始你的布局。随身携带一把好的扫把，在用粉笔画线之前，扫扫每一面墙，以免杂物影响线条。如果你有帮手，要和他站在同一起跑线上;沟通不畅是一个比数学差更普遍的问题。一定要减少变量。(我在整个构思过程中都是这么说的。)不管你是用胶带的末端作为“0”还是切一英寸，都要保持一致。如果你的粉笔线偏离布局标记1/4”，扫线，并再次罢工。布局上的错误贯穿整个过程，然后成长，我称之为“工作蠕变”。Start perfect – you won’t get better. Don’t assume someone farther down the line will correct things. More likely, they will add their mistakes to yours and those mistakes will accumulate into sloppy, unacceptable work. Often, when chalking long walls, a third person will jump in and hold down the middle of the line with his finger, snapping each half. I discourage this because no matter how tight you pull your line (and it needs to be tight) unevenness in the floor often skews straightness. Pinning it down in the middle does not allow the line to self-correct when lifted before the snap. Just pull the line high and straight up, snap, and then have your helper do the same on the other end. Avoid lifting the line at an angle: that is the surest way to get a "double" line because the string will bounce on contact with the floor. I have found that marking and striking both sides of each wall is the best way to avoid "shoot-down" mistakes. If there is danger losing your lines, spray them with clear lacquer. I spray them lightly at the "crow’s feet" and will rechalk when shooting down track as necessary. How far you place door openings from inside corners is often spelled out on the prints; if not, try to leave your finisher enough room to get at least a 4” knife between the door frame and the adjacent wall. How wide you make door openings depends on the type of frame being used and how the door clips are attached. The rule of thumb for welded jambs is 2-1/8” X 2 plus the door width. So a 3’-0” door with welded jamb would require a 3’-4-1/4” opening. After-drywall knockdown frames typically need 1” past each side of the door, so a 3’-0” door with knockdown frame would require a 3’-2” opening.

跟踪

布局完成后，开始考虑需要先挂哪些墙。当然，外墙、走廊墙和全高的墙需要比其他的隔墙先建好，但是试着像一个干墙衣架一样思考，并提供一个平滑的“路径”让它们挂起来。我喜欢把石膏板从左到右挂起来，所以我会逆时针绕着房间转一圈。这是一个惯用右手的衣架的自然过程。对于3-5/8 "的墙壁，将4-1/4 "到4-3/8 "的轨道内侧法兰的一端剪掉，该法兰将接收浮动板或饰钉。(不要剪折法兰!这将突出的干墙和造成不必要的悲伤的地板家伙)。将另一段轨道的末端放在这段轨道的顶部，使外侧法兰接触。你应该在里面有一个足够宽的空隙，可以让干墙不需要绑定就可以滑动进去，但不要太宽，以免浮动的螺柱脱落。根据这个经验法则，优先考虑你要击落的东西:首先是角落，然后是墙的尽头，然后是门的边缘，然后是轨道的尽头，然后是其他一切。 For corners, line up both pieces of track on their marks and put firm pressure on the corner, taking care to not move the track, then shoot it down. I generally shoot my first pin about 2” off center in case it blows out. If it does, lift the track, brush out any debris, reset the track, and try again 2” away. One pin should hold both pieces down. Go to the other end of your track, shoot it down, and then fasten the rest of it. Some track will have a crown in it, so you might have to apply side pressure with your foot to align it to the chalk line. Some prints prescribe what fasteners you use and their spacing. As a general rule, 16” on center zigzagging as you go is enough for powder or gas loads. Small pieces of track can be hard to shoot down and keep aligned, so avoid using them near corners or doors unless you have to.

关于切割螺栓和轨道字

你可以用剪刀轻松地切割20和25规格的干墙金属。有些人喜欢剪断法兰，用万能刀在腹板上划痕，然后来回“机翼”轨迹，直到它分开。这样可以得到一条很好的直边，但是很费时间。我比较喜欢的方法是把两个法兰都剪下来，把卷筒纸弄弯，然后一点一点地剪出一个稍微有点弧形的“笑脸”。这是有效的，但它可以产生大量的手疲劳与大量的切割工作。在较大的工作中，如果你用的是钢锯，要明白烧坏镀锌层的危险。有足够的通风。浓缩的蒸汽会杀死你。此外，在操作钢锯时要采取一切预防措施:在适当的位置安装防护罩，保护好枪托，戴上护目镜，不要挡住锯片转动的方向。

自信来自能力。熟能生巧。不要羞于在工作中检查你的工作。如果事情出了差错，回溯并找出问题所在。良好的布局和击落使工作。干脆，直线是一个伟大的名片!好运！

详细画廊的轨道布局过程: