Case Study: BGSU Roof Replacement
星期一,2010年2月1日已经提供43年服务时,冰场在州立鲍灵格林大学是校园的热门地点,供应的BGSU的学生和教师,以及当地的市政社区。目前由康乐及健康的部门工作时,冰场最初设计于1965年,包含了主要的冰盖,在200’ 大小的X 85’ 。还设有一个工作室冰盖为80’ ×40’ ,并在150’ X 57’ 卷曲冰盖,以及一个休息室和其他配套设施。
大卫·英戈尔德是建筑的俄亥俄州立大学学院的毕业生,施工规范协会(CSI)与施工图技术(CDT)认证的一员。拥有超过18年的经验,大卫带来了广阔的知识基础设计与施工的认识到各种各样的项目类型。他是一位很有造诣的高级项目管理员在开发建筑文件的各个阶段的经验。大卫已经完成的主要职责作为项目负责人,规格作家和协调所有类型和复杂性,包括低收入和高层公寓,体育设施项目,高等教育和政府的研究实验室,生产设施,污水处理厂,停车场和校园总体规划。大卫的最大心愿是提供建设行政服务全面执行项目设计。
已经提供43年服务时,冰场在州立鲍灵格林大学是校园的热门地点,供应的BGSU的学生和教师,以及当地的市政社区。目前由康乐及健康的部门工作时,冰场最初设计于1965年,包含了主要的冰盖,在200’ 大小的X 85’ 。还设有一个工作室冰盖为80’ ×40’ ,并在150’ X 57’ 卷曲冰盖,以及一个休息室和其他配套设施。
In early 1979, the fabricator and installer for the atrium steel of the new Kansas City Hyatt hotel proposed changes to the connection details for the support of the skywalk system. The original design was thought to be expensive to manufacture and problematic to install. The engineer responded by providing preliminary sketches of the fabricator's proposal without performing basic calculations. These sketches were returned to the fabricator, who assumed these to be the final and approved shop drawings. The revised and ill-fated connection detail was put into production and installed. In 1981, the Kansas City Hyatt skywalk collapsed, causing the deaths of 114 people and injuring more than 200. The ensuing investigations concluded that the fault lay in the engineer's failure to properly review shop drawings and provide adequate communications between the structural engineer and the fabricator of the structural steel for the atrium and skywalk.
Today’s modern mid rise and high rise豪华公寓和apartment buildings offer numerous amenities to attract potential owners. They can offer spectacular vistas through floor to ceiling walls of glass, high end finishes on the floor, gourmet style kitchens with all the modern features one could ever want, and a master bedroom suite that offers a tranquil and quiet place to escape. In these building types, elevators become a necessary component for vertical circulation to access the floors. For those residences that are adjacent to the elevator equipment room or the elevator hoistway, the noise and vibration caused by the operation of the elevator can be a potential source of sound intrusion. Because today’s buildings are constructed with lightweight materials, and because there is a need to generate maximum useable square footage, sound transmission issues are compounded. All this combined can result in unsatisfactory living conditions for tens of thousands who live in condominiums or apartments.
With the advent of high rise buildings, fire safety has been of particular concern for architects over the last 100 years. Architects must understand the basics of fire and smoke and the risks associated with creating tall buildings. The spread of toxic smoke that results from fires has been shown to often cause more damage than the fire itself, and it is responsible for more injuries and fatalities.